Upper cylinder lubricant



Patented Mar. 8, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE The invention relatesor compositions which upper cylinder lubricants for internal combustionengines.

Alexander Duckham,

London, England No Drawing. Application November 16,

In Great Britain April 3,

rial No. 111,176. 1936 to lubricating substances are suitable for use asSolid or semi-solid lubricants, such as those containing waxes added tothe fuel for the purpose and/ or naphthalene have been of internalcombustion engines of effecting lubrication of the cylinder walls,piston rings, valves and valve stems.

In some cases, motor car is not for example where the tank of a in usefor some time after the introduction of lubricants of the above nature,

and there may of material at the bottomof temperature is near that ofsolution may be slow,

the fuel tank.

It is the object of the invention to provide a lubricating substance orcomposition for addition to liquid fuels, which will dissolve in thefuels of internal combustion engines and which will be free from anytendency to cause the collection of such relatively concentratedsolutions of. the substance or composition containers.

at the bottom of the fuel The invention consists in a solid orsemi-solid upper cylinder lubricant which is completely soluble in motordensity than that of fuel and has a lower apparent the motor fuel due toincorporation in the mass of small gaseous or vaporous inclusions.

The invention forming a solid also consists in the method of orsem1-solid upper cylinder lubricant which will float upon the motor fuelin incorporating and is completely soluble therein which consists in themass small gaseous or If the mass has an apparent density of about 0.7,it will float in petrol and other internal combustion engine fuels.

The lubricant floating in motor until solution is of .the invention willremain fuel into which it is introduced substantially complete, the moreconcentrated solution forming about the material descending into asrapidly as it density, and beco bulk of the fluid.

the body of the fuel substantially forms by virtue of its greater mingdispersed throughout the The lubricant of the invention may be formedfrom any suitable 'substances or compositions which are soluble in motorfuels and have the desired lubricating action. Suitable additions may bemade to the materials to render them more easily moulded and/or tomodify their solubility, consist ency or lubricating properties.

London, to Alexander Duckham & Company Thematerial may comprise a reliefvalve.

England, assignor Iiimited,

1m, Se-

8 Claims. (01. 87-9) mineral wax or non-mineral waxor a mixture ofthese. A 'dewax in admixture in such proportions as to have a settingrange of F. to 150 F. Suitable mineral waxes whilst the non-mineral ornatural waxes comprise those having a sufficiently solubility in themotor In some mixtures the hydrocarbon, for example, naphthalene, and/oranthracene,-may conveniently be made to facilitate solution of the wholemixture, '5 to 10% being convenient quantities. Other suitablecompositions which may be employed as lubricants are solidified .oilsprepared by usual, well-recognized methods, such as by the addition ofaluminium stearate or oleate to oils.

In carrying the invention into effect in the production of a solid uppercylinder lubricant, two to three parts of mineral wax and one part of abeeswax are'melted together, with the addition of naphthalene ifdesired, in a vessel capable of withstanding pressure and fitted withmeans for extruding the contents through a suitable Gas at a pressurewhich may be, for example, 60 lbs. per square inch is introduced intothe vessel, carbon dioxide being a suitable gas. The molten wax mixturehaving absorbed a quantity of the gas is extruded through the relieffuels commonly employed.

valve at a temperature a little above the setting gealing of themixture, producing a cooling effect by its expansion and forming a largenumber of isolated vesicles or cellules in the congealing mass. Thesemi-congealed mass may be formed into slabs and afterwards cut intopieces of any desired form, or means may be arranged to cut the extrudedmass into portions of. desired size as it leaves the extrusion nozzle.

According to a further convenient method of carrying the invention intoeffect, the wax mixture referred to above may be melted in a suitableapparatus adapted to beat the melt in such a way as to entrain air orother gas which may be above the melted mass. By. maintaining theaddition of an aromatic this will be between F. The absorbed gas isliberated on conare paraflin and ceresin wax,

high degree of.

mass to give an apparent density less than that of petrol or other motorfuel. After being allowed to congeal the mass may be cut to any desiredshape or size.

Any other means of dispersing a large number of small quantities of gasor vapour in the body of a solid or semi-solid substance or compositionmay be employed in carrying out the invention.

I claim:

1. A semi-solid upper cylinder lubricant which is completely soluble inmotor fuel and has a lower apparent density than that of the motor fueldue to occlusion in the lubricant of gaseous bubbles.

2. An upper cylinder lubricant according to claim 1 wherein theinclusions are constituted by gas which has been dissolved in thelubricant under pressure.

3. The method of forming a semi-solid upper cylinder lubricant whichwill float upon the motor fuel and is completely soluble therein whichconsists in incorporating in the lubricant small gaseous inclusionssuflicient to render the lubricant pressure and in causing the lubricantto congeal under lower pressure.

7. Method according to claim 3 which consists in introducing the gasinto the lubricant under pressure and in causing the lubricant tocongeal under lower pressure by extruding the lubricant.

8. Method according to claim 3 which consists in introducing the'gasinto the lubricant under pressureand in'causing the lubricant to congealunder lower pressure after extrusion of the lubricant.

- ALEXANDER DUCKHAM.

